FDS Mullet KeyThe Fort De Soto Archive
The Whole Story, In Order

Timeline

Twelve thousand years of one small island at the mouth of Tampa Bay, from the first peoples to the number one beach in America. Every entry links to its full history.

The Native Bay

Before Europe, twelve thousand years on the water.
c. 10,000 BC

The first people arrive

Paleo-Indians reach the Tampa Bay shore as the last Ice Age wanes and the Gulf is still miles to the west.

c. AD 1000

The Safety Harbor world

The mound-building Safety Harbor culture takes shape around the bay; the Tocobaga rise as its dominant chiefdom.

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The Spanish Sea

Conquest, captivity, and the failure of conquest, 1513 to 1567.
1513

Ponce de Leon reaches Florida

The first European to touch the peninsula names it La Florida and charts the Gulf Stream; he never reaches Tampa Bay.

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1521

Ponce returns, and dies

His colonizing expedition is driven off by the Calusa; he dies of an arrow wound at Havana.

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1528

Narvaez lands

The disastrous Narvaez expedition makes the first documented European landing on Tampa Bay; only four men will survive it.

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1539

De Soto comes ashore

De Soto's army of some 600 men lands on the lower bay in May; the captive Juan Ortiz becomes its interpreter.

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1549

Father Cancer is killed

The Dominican who came unarmed to convert by kindness is clubbed to death on the shore, proof the bay had learned to fear all Spaniards.

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1567

The first fort, and its end

Menendez plants a garrison among the Tocobaga at the bay's head; within months it is wiped out.

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Surveyors and Storms

Charting the bay, and the forces that keep remaking it, 1757 to 1889.
1757

Celi charts the bay

A Spanish naval pilot draws the first true map of Tampa Bay and names its features, including the future Mullet Key.

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1765

Gauld names Mullet Key

The British Admiralty surveyor maps the bay and urges a fort upon the key, a recommendation acted on 133 years later.

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1848

The Great Gale

The most powerful hurricane known on this coast destroys Fort Brooke and carves John's Pass through the barrier islands.

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1849

Lee surveys the key

An Army board including Robert E. Lee recommends fortifying the islands at the bay's mouth.

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1858

The Egmont internment

At the close of the Third Seminole War, captured Seminoles are held on Egmont Key for forced removal west.

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1889

The quarantine station

A federal quarantine opens on Mullet Key to screen ships and immigrants bound for the port of Tampa.

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The Fort

Built for a war that ended first, 1898 to 1948.
1898

Ground is broken

A war scare over Cuba finally brings a fort to Mullet Key; Spain sues for peace before a gun is mounted.

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1900

Named Fort De Soto

The Mullet Key Military Reservation is renamed for the conquistador on April 4.

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1902

The mortars in place

Battery Laidley's eight 12-inch mortars enter service, the heart of the Harbor Defenses of Tampa Bay.

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1917

The guns leave

Four of the eight mortars are shipped west for the First World War; the defenses are stripped.

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1921

The 1921 hurricane

A major storm batters the bay and splits Hog Island into Honeymoon and Caladesi keys.

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1938

The county buys in

With the fort abandoned, Pinellas County buys Mullet Key and tries a short-lived fishing lodge.

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1941

The bombing range

The Army reclaims the island as a sub-post of MacDill Field for bombing and gunnery practice.

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1942

U-boats at the mouth

The Gulf submarine war reaches the bay; the tanker Joseph M. Cudahy is sunk while steering for Tampa.

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1948

Back to the county

After the war Pinellas County repurchases the island for $26,495.54 and opens it to the public.

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The Park

A fortress becomes a refuge, 1962 to today.
1962

The park opens

The Pinellas Bayway finally connects the island by car; Fort De Soto Park opens that December.

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1977

On the Register

The Fort De Soto batteries are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

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1980

The Blackthorn

In January, the Coast Guard's worst peacetime disaster unfolds in the channel off Mullet Key.

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1980

The Skyway falls

In May, a freighter strikes the Sunshine Skyway in a squall; thirty-five die.

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1993

The oil spill

A pre-dawn collision in the channel fouls the beaches with heavy oil; the response saves most of the wildlife.

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2005

America's best beach

The park's North Beach is ranked the number one beach in the United States by Dr. Beach.

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